WHY PLASTIC IS EVIL?

To make this statement,we will study life cycle of plastic briefly.

      Plastic requires a lifecycle approach. The narrow approaches to assessing and addressing plastic

impacts to date are inadequate and inappropriate.Understanding and responding to plastic risks, and making informed decisions in the face of those risks, demands a full lifecycle approach to assessing the full scope of the impacts of plastic on human health. This includes to ensure that we are not creating yet more and increasingly complex environmental problems in attempts to address this one

At every stage of its lifecycle, plastic poses distinct risks to human health, arising from both exposure to plastic particles themselves and associated chemicals. The majority of people worldwide are exposed at multiple stages of this lifecycle

Extraction and Transport of Fossil Feedstocks for Plastic

The extraction of oil and gas, particularly the use of hydraulic fracturing for natural array of toxic substances into the air and water, often in significant volumes.Over 170 fracking chemicals that are used to

gas, releases an Produce the main feedstocks for plastic have

known human health impacts, including cancer, neurotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, impairment of the immune system, and more. These toxins have direct and documented impacts on skin, eyes, and other sensory organs, the respiratory, nervous

and gastrointestinal systems, liver, and brain.

Refining and Production of Plastic Resins and Additives

Transforming fossil fuel into plastic resins and additives releases carcinogenic and other

highly toxic substances into the air. Documented effects of exposure to these substances include impairment of the nervous system, reproductive and developmental problems, cancer,leukemia, and genetic impacts like low birth weight. Industry workers and communities neighboring refining facilities are at greatest

risk and face both chronic exposures and acute exposures due to uncontrolled

releases during emergencies.

Consumer Products and Packaging

Use of plastic products leads to ingestion and/or inhalation of large amounts of both microplastic particles and hundreds of toxic substances with carcinogenic,developmental,

or endocrine disrupting impacts.

Toxic Releases from Plastic Waste Management

All plastic waste management technologies (including incineration, co-incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis) result in the release of toxic metals such as lead and mercury, organic

substances (dioxins and furans), acid gases and other toxic substances to the air, water,

and soils. All such technologies lead to direct and indirect exposure to toxic substances for

workers and nearby communities, including through inhalation of contaminated air, direct contact with contaminated soil or water,and ingestion of foods that were grown in an

environment polluted with these substances.Toxins from emissions, fly ash, and slag in a

burn pile can travel long distances and deposit in soil and water, eventually entering human bodies after being accumulated in the

tissues of plants and animals.

Fragmenting and Microplastics

Microplastics entering the human body via direct exposures through contact, ingestion,or inhalation can lead to an array of health impacts, including inflammation, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and necrosis, which are linked to an array of negative health outcomes including cancer, cardiovascular diseases

inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammation, auto-

immune conditions, neurodegenerative eocis

diseases, and stroke.

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Cascading Exposure as Plastic Degrades Most plastic additives are not bound to the polymer matrix and easily leach into the

surrounding environment, including air, water,food, or body tissues. As plastic particles continue to degrade, new surface areas are exposed, allowing continued leaching of additives from the core to the surface of

the particle in the environment and the human body

Ongoing Environmental Exposures

Once plastic reaches the environment in the

form of macro- or microplastics, it contami-

nates and accumu lates in food chains through

agricultural soils, terrestrial and aquatic food

chains, and the water supply. This environmental

plastic can leach toxic additives or concentrate

toxins already in the environment, making them

bioavailable again for direct or indirect human

exposure